Education Zone
How Dogs Cool Themselves: Understanding Canine Thermoregulation
Dogs are incredibly adaptable animals, but they’re not as efficient at cooling themselves as humans. Without the ability to sweat over most of their body, dogs rely on a unique thermoregulatory system to maintain a healthy internal temperature. In this post, we explore how dogs cool down naturally, why it matters, and how products like cooling coats can support their biological processes—especially during summer.
What Is Canine Thermoregulation?
Thermoregulation is the body's ability to maintain a stable internal temperature despite external conditions. In dogs, the normal resting body temperature ranges between 38.3°C and 39.2°C. When temperatures rise or a dog becomes active, their body initiates mechanisms to release excess heat.
But unlike humans, dogs have limited sweat glands—mostly located in their paw pads and nose. This makes other cooling strategies essential for them to stay safe and comfortable.
How Do Dogs Cool Themselves?
Dogs primarily rely on panting to cool down. Here’s how their thermoregulation works:
1. Panting
Panting increases airflow across moist surfaces in the mouth, tongue, and upper respiratory tract, facilitating evaporative cooling. As moisture evaporates, it draws heat away from the body.
📌 Research published in The Journal of Thermal Biology confirms that panting plays a key role in evaporative heat loss in dogs, especially during moderate to high levels of exertion (King et al., 2004).
2. Vasodilation
Blood vessels near the skin surface widen to help dissipate heat. This is especially noticeable in the ears and face. More warm blood is moved toward the surface, where it can release heat more effectively.
3. Conduction
Lying on cool surfaces allows the body to release heat through direct contact. This is why dogs often lie on tiles or shade during hot weather.
4. Limited Sweating
Though minimal, dogs can sweat through their paw pads. You'll often notice damp paw prints on warm surfaces when a dog is overheated.
Why Dogs Struggle in the Heat
Because panting and paw-pad sweating are less efficient than full-body sweating, dogs can overheat quickly—especially in humid environments or enclosed spaces like cars.
Some breeds are especially vulnerable:
Flat-faced (brachycephalic) breeds like Bulldogs, Pugs, and Shih Tzus
Thick-coated dogs like Huskies or Chows
Older dogs, puppies, and dogs with health conditions
A study published in Scientific Reports (O'Neill et al., 2020) found that brachycephalic breeds are significantly more prone to heat-related illness, due to restricted airways that limit effective panting.
Supporting Your Dog’s Cooling System
While natural thermoregulation does work, it's not always enough—particularly during summer heatwaves, travel, or exercise. That’s where cooling aids come in.
💡 Product Tip: How Cooling Coats Help Dogs Stay Cooler
The Quick Chill Cooling Coat supports your dog’s natural cooling process by:
Enhancing evaporative cooling without soaking your dog’s fur
Drawing heat away from the body through water-activated fabric
Reducing the need for excessive panting
Aiding thermoregulation during travel, walks, or hot days at home
📖 A 2020 study in Animals found that dogs wearing evaporative cooling coats had lower post-exercise body temperatures and recovered faster after exertion in warm weather (Zanghi et al., 2020).
Please note: If your dog has suspected heatstroke, please call the vet. Do not use a cooling coat. Read more on heatstroke here.
Everyday Tips to Support Thermoregulation
Ensure constant access to fresh, cool water
Walk early or late—never during peak heat
Provide shade and ventilation at home and during travel
Allow your dog to lie on cool surfaces
Use a cooling coat during rest or light activity. Reactivate the coat as many times as needed.
Understanding how dogs cool down helps you make informed choices to keep them safe. While panting and paw pad sweating are their primary defences, dogs often need additional support—especially in summer.
References
King, D., and Taylor, R. “Evaporative heat loss in exercising dogs.” Journal of Thermal Biology, 2004.
O'Neill, D.G., Hall, E.J., et al. “Dogs don’t die just in hot cars—exposure to hot weather is just as deadly.” Scientific Reports, 2020. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-66015-8
Zanghi, B.M. et al. “Effect of a Cooling Vest on Core Temperature in Dogs Exercising in the Heat.” Animals, MDPI, 2020. https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/4/722
RSPCA. “Keeping your dog cool in hot weather.” https://www.rspca.org.uk
Dogs and Dehydration: Signs, Prevention & When to Worry
Hydration is essential to every aspect of a dog’s health—but during the warmer months, the risk of dehydration in dogs increases significantly. Whether it’s due to heat, overexertion, or simply not drinking enough water, dehydration can quickly become dangerous if not caught early. In this guide, we cover the signs of dehydration in dogs, how to prevent it, and what to do when your dog shows symptoms.
Why Is Hydration So Important for Dogs?
Water plays a vital role in maintaining your dog’s circulation, digestion, temperature regulation, and joint health. Even mild dehydration can affect your dog’s energy levels and lead to complications like heatstroke.
Dogs don’t sweat like humans. Instead, they pant and release small amounts of moisture through their paws, making them less efficient at cooling themselves. In hot weather or during travel, this can lead to rapid water loss—especially if not replenished.
Common Signs of Dehydration in Dogs
If your dog shows any of the following symptoms, they may be dehydrated:
Dry or sticky gums
Lethargy or weakness
Excessive panting
Sunken eyes
Dry nose
Loss of skin elasticity
Reduced appetite
Dark yellow urine or less frequent urination
A 2014 study published in Veterinary Medicine and Science confirmed that loss of skin elasticity and dry mucous membranes are two of the most reliable clinical indicators of dehydration in dogs (DiBartola et al., 2014).
When to Worry: Mild vs. Severe Dehydration
Mild dehydration may present as subtle changes in behaviour and appearance, but moderate to severe dehydration can cause collapse, kidney damage, or even death.
Seek immediate veterinary help if your dog:
Refuses to drink
Shows signs of collapse or confusion
Has been vomiting or has diarrhoea for more than 24 hours
Is panting heavily in a hot environment with dry gums or weakness
How to Keep Your Dog Hydrated in Summer
Here are proactive ways to ensure your dog stays hydrated—especially when temperatures rise:
1. Offer Fresh, Cool Water Constantly
Place bowls in multiple areas—especially outdoors or in warm rooms. Change the water frequently and add ice cubes to keep it cool and enticing.
2. Hydrating Foods Help
Feed high-moisture foods like wet dog food or fresh fruit/vegetables that are safe for dogs.
3. Avoid Overexertion in the Heat
Plan walks and exercise during early morning or evening and take breaks in shady spots.
4. Use Cooling Aids
While not a direct source of hydration, cooling coats support thermoregulation and could help in reducing the amount of fluid your dog expels through panting.
Product Tip: Quick Chill Cooling Coat
The Quick Chill Cooling Coat is a practical way to manage your dog’s body temperature and complement hydration efforts.
Water-activated and reusable
Ideal for walks, travel, or relaxing at home
Does not soak your dog or create mess—just cool, calm relief
Special Considerations: Who’s Most at Risk?
Some dogs are more prone to dehydration, especially in summer:
Senior dogs
Puppies
Flat-faced (brachycephalic) breeds like Bulldogs and Pugs
Dogs with kidney issues or chronic illness
Highly active or working dogs
Dogs fed primarily dry kibble without added moisture
Dehydration can creep up fast in the summer—but with vigilance, it’s entirely preventable. Make hydration a habit by providing access to fresh water, avoiding high heat exposure, and using smart tools like the Quick Chill Cooling Coat to support your dog’s ability to stay cool and well-regulated.
References
DiBartola SP, Bateman SW, et al. “Evaluation of hydration status in dogs: correlation of physical examination and laboratory parameters.” Veterinary Medicine and Science, 2014.
Zanghi, BM. “The effects of dietary hydration on thermoregulation and activity in dogs.” Journal of Animal Science, 2013.
RSPCA. “Keeping pets cool in hot weather.” https://www.rspca.org.uk
ASPCA. “Water Safety Tips for Dogs.” https://www.aspca.org
The Science Behind Cooling Coats: Do They Really Work?
When temperatures rise, many dog owners look for practical solutions to keep their pets cool—especially during walks, travel, or outdoor rest. One increasingly popular product is the dog cooling coat. But do they really work, or are they just a summer gimmick? In this article, we explore the science behind cooling coats, what to look for in the best dog cooling vests, and the evidence supporting their effectiveness.
How Do Cooling Coats Work?
Dog cooling coats, also known as evaporative cooling vests, use a simple but effective mechanism: evaporation.
When water evaporates from a surface, it absorbs heat energy from its surroundings—in this case, your dog’s body. This is the same principle behind sweating in humans. Cooling coats replicate this mechanism, helping dogs dissipate excess heat naturally, without needing to be soaked through.
Our Quick Chill Cooling Coat , for example, is made with advanced open-cell fabric that absorbs and retains water while remaining breathable. The material facilitates efficient evaporation while maintaining airflow to help disperse heat from the dog’s body surface.
What the Science Says
Evaporative cooling is a proven biological process.
A peer-reviewed study published in Animals (2020) confirmed that evaporative cooling systems can significantly reduce surface and core body temperatures in dogs during exercise, particularly in hot and dry conditions (Zanghi, B.M. et al., 2020). Dogs using such cooling vests had lower post-exercise temperatures compared to those without them.
When Are Cooling Coats Most Effective?
Cooling coats are particularly effective in:
Short outdoor sessions, such as walks, training, or post-exercise cooldowns.
Confined environments like cars or crates, when paired with airflow.
Flat-faced or double-coated breeds, which often struggle to regulate temperature efficiently.
Important Note: Cooling coats should not replace water intake or shade. They should also be checked regularly and reactivated when needed or if in doubt.
What to Look for in the Best Dog Cooling Vest
Not all cooling coats are created equal. Here are key features to prioritise:
Water-activated fabric (no need for freezing or special gels)
Breathable mesh or layered structure to allow air movement
Lightweight and adjustable fit for comfort during movement
Durability and reusability – machine washable is a bonus
The Quick Chill Cooling Coat
Unlike some options that require freezing or refrigeration, the Quick Chill Cooling Coat offers instant relief with just water. Soak it, wring it out, and apply—it’s that simple.
✔ Draws heat away from the dog’s body✔ Doesn’t soak the dog’s fur✔ Ideal for use in in the house, travel, and walks✔ Reusable and resource conscious
“Have had this on my very heat prone Greyhound during this extremely hot weekend and it’s transformed his life , he had it on all day, it remained cold all day and my hound has been totally stress free. What an amazing product, going to get one for my horse." – Sara Fogg, Verified customer
Do Cooling Coats Work for All Dogs?
While most dogs benefit, their effectiveness may vary depending on:
Humidity levels – higher humidity can slow evaporation
Activity level – they work best post-exercise or during mild activity or at rest
Fur density and breed type – short-coated dogs experience faster surface cooling, but long-coated breeds can still benefit
Time – cooling coats can only work for so long before needing reactivation, depending on how much water they can hold and the surrounding temperature and humidity.
For high-risk dogs—especially brachycephalic breeds like Bulldogs and Pugs—the cooling coat can offer a vital extra layer of thermal management.
Conclusion
So, do cooling coats work for dogs? The science says they can be a safe and effective way to help regulate your dog’s temperature for comfort. Please note though, they should not be used in the case of suspected heatstroke.
References
Zanghi, B.M. et al. (2020). “Effect of a Cooling Vest on Core Temperature in Dogs Exercising in the Heat.” Animals, MDPI. https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/4/722
Hall EJ, Carter AJ, O’Neill DG. “Dogs don’t die just in hot cars—exposure to hot weather is just as deadly.” Scientific Reports, 2020. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-66015-8
RSPCA. “How to Keep Pets Cool in Summer.” https://www.rspca.org.uk
Travelling with Dogs in Summer: Tips for a Safe and Comfortable Journey
Summer is the season of road trips, holidays, and outdoor adventures—and for many of us, our dogs come along for the ride. But warm weather travel poses serious risks to your pet’s safety and comfort if not properly managed. From hot cars to dehydration, it's essential to prepare in advance. This guide covers practical, research-backed summer dog travel tips to ensure your journey is as safe and enjoyable as possible.
Why Travelling with Dogs in Hot Weather Requires Extra Care
Dogs can’t regulate their temperature like humans. They rely on panting and limited sweat glands (mainly in their paws) to cool down. When confined to small, poorly ventilated spaces—like cars—their risk of heat stress or even fatal heatstroke increases dramatically.
A Veterinary Record study found that dogs left in cars on even mild days can experience internal temperatures that become dangerous in as little as 10 minutes (Hall et al., 2020). This is why never leaving your dog unattended in a parked vehicle is rule number one.
Pre-Travel Checklist
Before setting off, make sure to:
Check your dog’s health status with your vet if they have underlying conditions.
Pack plenty of water, collapsible bowls, and cooling aids.
Plan your route to include regular stops for hydration, bathroom breaks, and stretching.
Secure your dog in a well-ventilated crate or harness.
Avoid travelling during the hottest times of the day.
Keeping Dogs Cool in Cars
Cars can heat up extremely quickly—even with the windows open.
Best practices:
Use air conditioning or fans to keep airflow moving.
Block direct sun using window shades or sunshields.
Offer cool water frequently.
Opt for a well ventilated crate for travelling.
💡 Product Tip: Quick Chill Cooling Coat
The Quick Chill Cooling Coat is ideal for summer travel. Activated with water and wrung out, it helps draw heat away from your dog’s body while they rest in the car. It provides cooling relief without soaking your dog or your car’s interior, making it perfect for on-the-go use. Just store it damp in a sealed bag until needed and then reactivate as many times as needed. The hotter it is, the more you will need to reactivate the coat.
Tips for Summer Travel Stopovers
Breaks during long drives are not only essential for drivers—they’re vital for your dog’s safety.
Always find a shaded area for rest stops.
Lay down a cooling mat or towel for your dog to lie on.
Use your Quick Chill Cooling Coat for instant relief during pitstops.
Don’t walk your dog on hot pavements—test the ground with your hand first.
Pro Tip: Download a dog-friendly travel app or map out pet-friendly services before you go.
Special Considerations for High-Risk Dogs
Some dogs are more vulnerable to heat:
Flat-faced breeds like Pugs and French Bulldogs
Older dogs and puppies
Overweight dogs
Dogs with thick coats or breathing issues
A study published in Scientific Reports confirmed brachycephalic breeds are significantly more likely to suffer from heat-related illness while travelling or exercising in warm conditions (O’Neill et al., 2020).
What to Do in an Emergency
If you notice symptoms of heat stress—excessive panting, red or pale gums, drooling, confusion, or collapse:
Move your dog to a shaded or cool area immediately.
Apply cold water all over the body continuously if possible.
Offer water to drink.
Use fans or ventilation to aid cooling.
Call your vet immediately – early intervention is critical.
Conclusion
With the right preparation and awareness, travelling with your dog in summer can be a safe, fun experience for both of you. Stay mindful of temperature, ensure frequent hydration and rest stops, and make smart use of cooling aids like the Quick Chill Cooling Coat to keep your furry companion happy.
References
Hall EJ, Carter AJ, O’Neill DG. “Dogs don’t die just in hot cars—exposure to hot weather is just as deadly.” Scientific Reports, 2020. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-66015-8
British Veterinary Association (BVA). “Travelling with dogs in cars during summer.” https://www.bva.co.uk
RSPCA. “Pets in hot weather.” https://www.rspca.org.uk
How to Spot the Signs of Heat Stress in Dogs – and What to Do About It
As temperatures rise, so do the risks of heat-related illnesses in dogs. Unlike humans, dogs cannot regulate their body temperature well through sweating. Instead, they rely on panting and limited sweat glands in their paw pads to cool down. Recognising the early signs of heat stress and knowing how to act can save your dog’s life.
What is Heat Stress in Dogs?
Heat stress occurs when a dog’s body temperature rises above the normal range of 38.3°C to 39.2°C. If this temperature continues to climb without effective cooling, heatstroke can set in—a life-threatening emergency.
According to the Veterinary Record journal, dogs left in hot environments (such as vehicles or direct sun) are at a significantly higher risk of developing heat-related illness .
Common Signs of Heat Stress in Dogs
Look for these symptoms, especially in hot weather:
Excessive panting
Bright red or pale gums
Drooling and thick saliva
Vomiting or diarrhoea
Lethargy or weakness
Confusion or disorientation
Collapsing or seizures
A 2020 study analysing heat-related illnesses in UK dogs found that respiratory changes and altered behaviour were two of the most frequently reported symptoms prior to collapse or veterinary intervention .
Immediate Steps to Take
If you suspect heat stress or heatstroke:
Move your dog to a shaded or cool area immediately.
Apply cold water all over the body or put them in a paddling pool/cold bath or similar. Do not leave them unattended.
Offer water to drink.
Use fans or ventilation to aid cooling.
Call your vet immediately – early intervention is critical.
Prevention is Better Than Cure
Avoiding heat stress altogether is ideal. Here’s how:
Walk your dog during cooler parts of the day (early morning or late evening).
Always provide access to clean, cool water.
Never leave dogs in parked cars, even for a few minutes.
Offer cooling aids such as wet towels, fans, or cooling coats. Always monitor your dog while using these products.
Use enrichment games inside away from the heat.
Consider whether your dogs coat could be trapping heat/insulating them and therefore if they would be better clipped.
Product Tip:
The Quick Chill Cooling Coat for Dogs uses water-activated technology to draw heat away from your dog’s body. Lightweight and easy to use, it’s ideal for walks, car travel, and rest time during hot weather.
High-Risk Dogs to Watch Closely
Certain breeds and conditions increase the risk of heat-related illness:
Brachycephalic (flat-faced) breeds: Bulldogs, Pugs, Cavalier King Charles Spaniels etc
Older dogs and puppies
Overweight dogs
Dogs with thick coats or respiratory conditions
A study published in Scientific Reports (O’Neill et al., 2020) found brachycephalic breeds were twice as likely to develop heat-related illness than other dogs.
References
Hall EJ, Carter AJ, O’Neill DG. “Incidence and risk factors for heat-related illness in UK dogs under primary veterinary care.” Veterinary Record, 2020.
Hall EJ, Carter AJ, O’Neill DG. “Dogs don’t die just in hot cars—exposure to hot weather is just as deadly.” Scientific Reports, 2020. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-020-66015-8
British Veterinary Association. “Brachycephalic breeds at increased risk of heatstroke.” https://www.bva.co.uk
UVA, UVB and UV testing in Horse Fly and Sun Protection Products.
Not all fly masks and rugs are created equal — especially when it comes to UV protection. In this blog, we explore the difference between UVA and UVB rays, why they matter for horses, and how UV protection is tested in fly masks and rugs. Learn how to choose the best gear to keep your horse safe in the summer sun.
We Put Quick Chill to the Test
We tested the Quick Chill Cooling Rug on one of the hottest days of the year (2024) to find out just how effective it is at reducing and maintaining lower skin temperatures in horses at rest.
Testing the Quick Chill Rug in Real-Life Conditions
We took advantage of the heatwave to conduct a real-world comparison. With stable temperatures hovering between 28–30°C and the yard outside reaching 30–32°C, conditions were ideal for testing cooling methods.
Two cooling methods were involved:
Sponging off with cool water
Quick Chill Cooling Rug pre-soaked in fresh tap water (18.5°C) for 10 minutes. The rug was only activated with water once and not reactivated for the rest of the test period.
To capture accurate results, temperature dataloggers were used, recording skin temperature every 10 seconds across a 2-hour test period.
What the Science Says About Managing Headshaking in Horses.
Headshaking can be a distressing and unpredictable condition—making horses toss or flip their heads repeatedly, often without warning. For riders and owners, it can be frustrating and even dangerous. While there’s no single cure, there are some products that can help.
But not all Muzzle Nets are created equal. In this study, researchers set out to test just how effective these nets really are—and which designs work best. The results? Our very own Equilibrium Muzzle Net was among the top performers.
What Is Headshaking—and Why Do Nose Nets Help?
Headshaking is a clinical symptom, not a diagnosis. It can stem from various causes, but one of the most common is thought to be trigeminal-mediated headshaking—a condition where the horse’s facial nerve becomes hypersensitive. This can lead to discomfort triggered by sunlight, wind, exercise, or even changes in air pressure [Madigan et al., 1995].
The behaviours often include:
Vertical or side-to-side head tossing
Nose flipping
Violent reactions resembling a “bee flying up the nose”
Snorting, sneezing, or rubbing the nose on objects
The Research: Comparing Nose Net Designs in the Field
In a 2003 study published in the Veterinary Record, researchers Mills and Taylor assessed the effectiveness of three different muzzle nets:
A traditional full net that covers the whole muzzle
Half Net A, with a snug, adjustable fit (the Muzzle Net we offer)
Half Net B, a similar design but with an elasticated hem
Over a series of weeks, 36 horses with confirmed headshaking were trialled using each net. Owners recorded symptom changes on a detailed assessment sheet.
What the Study Found – Half Net A in the Spotlight
Feature
Half Net A
Half Net B
Full Net
Overall improvement
79% ✅
76%
68%
At least 50% improvement
76% ✅
69%
65%
At least 70% improvement
36%
35%
30%
“Bee up the nose” symptom (≥70%)
50.0% ✅
55.6% ✅
34.5% ❌
Helped nose rubbing when standing still (50%+ improvement)
✅ Only net to do so
✖
✖
Appearance rating
Good
Good
Poor
Ease of use
Easy
Easy
Easy
Why Half Net A Is a Proven Choice
Out of all the designs tested, Half Net A emerged as one of the most consistently effective, particularly for:
Reducing up-and-down headshaking
Controlling the intense “bee up the nose” reactions
Minimising nose flipping and rubbing behaviours, both while moving and stationary
It was also the only net to show significant improvement in nose rubbing when the horse was standing still.
The Science Behind Nose Nets
The prevailing theory is that nose nets offer tactile stimulation to the sensitive nerve endings in the front of the horse’s muzzle. This mild sensory input may help modulate or “distract” the overactive signals in the trigeminal nerve, which is thought to be the root cause in many cases of photic (light-triggered) or idiopathic headshaking [Madigan et al., 1995; Newton et al., 2000].
This makes nose nets a low-risk, effective solution for most horses.
Who Can Benefit Most?
The Muzzle Net is ideal for horses who:
Shake their heads mostly during exercise
React in sunlight, wind, or rain
Display the classic nose flipping or “bee up the nose” behaviour
Have mild to moderate seasonal headshaking
Note: The study found that horses over 10 years old were slightly less responsive, especially for nose flipping and shaking during exercise. This may be due to more entrenched behaviours or underlying chronic factors.
The Equilibrium Muzzle Net: Small Product, Big Difference
It’s lightweight, adjustable, competition legal (always read the relevant rule books to check with your specific governing body), and has helped countless horses (and their riders) return to comfortable, focused work.
✅ Scientifically supported✅ Subtle, smart design✅ Comfortable and secure fit✅ Easy to use and clean✅ Adjustable for a closer fit.
Shop Muzzle Nets Now
Did you know? The Muzzle Net is the product that founded Equilibrium and was created to help a horse called Timmy, who was diagnosed as a headshaker at 5 years old. Timmy went onto have a successful ridden career and a well earned retirement well into his 20's.
References
Mills, D.S., & Taylor, K. (2003).Field study of the efficacy of three types of nose net for the treatment of headshaking in horses.Veterinary Record, 152(2), 41–44.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12553579/
Madigan, J.E., Kortz, G., Murphy, C., & Rodger, L. (1995).Photic headshaking in the horse: 7 cases.Equine Veterinary Journal, 27(4), 306–311.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8536668/
Newton, S.A., Knottenbelt, D.C., & Eldridge, P.R. (2000).Headshaking in horses: possible aetiopathogenesis suggested by the results of diagnostic tests and several treatment regimes used in 20 cases.Equine Veterinary Journal, 32(3), 208–216.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10836475/
Mair, T.S., Howarth, S., & Lane, J.G. (1992).Evaluation of some prophylactic therapies for the idiopathic headshaker syndrome.Equine Veterinary Journal Supplement, (11), 10–12.https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9109952/
☀️ Best Practices for Keeping Dogs Safe in the Heat
1. Hydration is Key
Ensure your dog has constant access to fresh, cool water. Placing multiple water bowls around your home and garden can encourage regular drinking.
2. Limit Exercise During Peak Temperatures
Avoid walking your dog during the hottest parts of the day. Instead, opt for early morning or very late evening walks when temperatures are cooler. Sometimes on very hot days, you might need to wait for the sun to go down before cool enough to walk. Be mindful of hot pavements; if it's too hot for your hand, it's too hot for your dog's paws.
3. Provide Ample Shade and Ventilation
Whether indoors or outdoors, ensure your dog has access to shaded areas and well-ventilated spaces. Avoid leaving your dog in confined spaces like cars, conservatories, or outbuildings, as temperatures can rise rapidly, leading to fatal heatstroke
4. Recognise Signs of Heatstroke
Early detection of heatstroke symptoms can save your dog's life. Watch for signs such as excessive panting, drooling, lethargy, purple gums or red skin, vomiting, diarrhoea, and collapse. If you suspect heatstroke, cool your dog rapidly using cold water all over and contact your vet immediately. Do not leave them unattended.
5. Avoid Overexertion
Limit your dog's physical activity during hot weather. Overexertion can quickly lead to overheating. Provide mental stimulation through interactive toys or training sessions instead of vigorous play.
7. Protect Against Sunburn
Dogs with light-coloured fur or exposed skin areas are susceptible to sunburn. Apply pet-safe sunscreen to vulnerable areas like the nose and ears, and limit sun exposure during peak UV hours.
🐾 Special Considerations
Breed-Specific Risks: Flat-faced breeds (e.g., Bulldogs, Pugs) and dogs with thick coats are more prone to heat-related issues due to their anatomy and fur density.
Age and Health: Puppies, senior dogs, and those with underlying health conditions require extra care during hot weather.
Weight: Dogs carrying extra weight may retain more heat and cool more slowly and therefore may be more at risk.
🧊 Recommended Cooling Products
Cooling products are not to be used as treatment for suspected heatstroke, but they can be used to help keep your dog comfortable in warmer weather. Check out our Quick Chill Dog Cooling Coat here.
Helena and Fly's Headshaking Journey
When I bought Fly in May 2020, the vetting noted she was a head shaker and warned me about the impact this may have on our ridden career and her comfort in life. When I spoke to her owner before purchasing she said it was just the flies which irritate her. So I took the risk, and bought her!
Through that first summer, I struggling a lot with Fly tossing her head around when ridden. I had never dealt with, or been around a head shaker before. I rode her in ear veils, which didn’t seem to make any difference, and then I tried her in a nose net, which helped slightly! Once the winter came all symptoms disappeared?
Roll onto 2022. I got the vet out to have a look at Fly as the head shaking seemed to be getting slightly worse, and was noticeable in the field, which was upsetting to see, as when you Google "head shakers" it’s not always the best outcome. One of the first comments the vet made when Fly stepped from the shade into the sun was ‘have you noticed she blinks more than twice the amount of the average horse’ and suggested she is sensitive to UV, hence the symptoms completely disappearing in the winter.
I did some research and came across Equilibrium’s Riding Mask - this has been life changing for Fly. Instantly the head shaking stopped, she was happy to be ridden in a consistent contact and concentrated a lot more while jumping. When I then started British Dressage and found that they allowed the mask to be worn, this was amazing news as without the mask, there wouldn’t be a possibility of Fly to now compete up to Medium level and attend championships!
Originally when I started British Eventing in 2022, they did not allow the ride on mask to be worn for the dressage phase, but after petitioning for this rule to be charged, this is now allowed!
Equilibrium’s Riding Mask, provides over 65% UV protection which helps protect Fly’s sensitive eyes, has an excellent, comfortable fit around any size and shape bride, and provides a barrier from flies.
Apart from Equilibrium’s Riding Mask and nose net, through the spring and summer, Fly wears a fly mask with over 70% UV protection in the field, and has antihistamines in her feed to keep any pollen related reactions to a minimum. Through summer she also goes out overnight and is stabled through the day to make her more comfortable.
How do I tell when she needs a helping hand? Once we get to March, I keep an eye on the UV index each day, and anything over 3 she has her protective items on. Bear in mind, it doesn’t have to be a sunny day for them to be affected, UV light will make reflections on surfaces which can affect the horses eyes. This usually lasts until the beginning of October.
Head over to my Instagram to follow our journey and ask me any questions about head shaking!
@lin.firefly
Scooby’s Recovery: How the Massage Pad Heatsense Aided His Rehab
Rehabilitation following surgery can be a long and challenging journey, requiring careful management to rebuild strength, maintain mobility, and support overall wellbeing. For Scooby, a warmblood X Thoroughbred recovering from kissing spines surgery, the path to recovery took an unexpected turn when a sarcoid removal interrupted his progress. With limited exercise options available during his box rest, an innovative solution was needed to help maintain his condition and keep him comfortable. That’s where the Equilibrium Massage Pad Heatsense made all the difference.
Introduction
In the demanding world of equestrian sports, optimising a horse's performance and welfare requires effective warm-up routines. Horses, like human athletes, can benefit from muscle preparation before intense activities. A key innovation in this domain is the Equilibrium Massage Pad Heatsense, a device designed to promote healthy muscles and relieve tension through both targeted heat and massage.
A recent study explored the effects of the Equilibrium Massage Pad Heatsense on the shape and dimensions of horses’ backs. Using this device for a single session demonstrated measurable changes in back dimensions, suggesting that the combination of heat and massage could serve as a powerful tool to prepare muscles for performance, which when combined with an active warm-up can help reduce the risk of injury and optimise performance.
This article delves into the study's methodology and findings.
Methodology
The study involved ten horses aged 10 – 14 years of mixed sex and in regular training. Each horse was subject to two days of data collection. On one day the horses’ back was measured before and after a 30-minute session of massage and heat from the Equilibrium Heatsense. On a separate day, back measurements were taken before and after a standardised lunge session so that the degree of change could be compared.
Measuring the Back:
Saddle fitters regularly measure and record the shape of the horses back at specific points along the spine so they can create a profile of the back. The same method was used in this study. A flexible curve ruler was shaped over the back and the profile transferred to graph paper for analysis.
The Massage Session
The Equilibrium Massage Pad Heatsense has 6 massage motors evenly spread throughout and is also capable of delivering targeted, therapeutic heat to the lumbosacral area (just behind where the saddle would sit). The massage session lasts for half an hour and within that time the pad delivers 15 minutes of consistent heat at 42 degrees Celsius. This is controlled by temperature sensors that continuously feed back to the control panel, switching the heat on and off, acting like a thermostat. For this study the massage was set to a medium intensity, and the heat function was activated.
The Lunge Session
To compare the effects of the Heatsense to the effects of an active warm up, the horses’ backs were also measured (on a separate day) before and after a standardised lunge session. The lunging session involved 10 minutes of walk and 7.5 minutes of trot, performed equally on each rein.
Results
The findings showed that the Equilibrium Massage Pad Heatsense produced statistically significant changes in the shape of the horses’ backs after a single use. The changes in shape are due to the muscles along the back increasing in size due to increased blood circulation and capillary recruitment.
The average increase in muscle size was positive across all measurement points.
Most horses showed a consistent increase in size, again, at all measurement points.
The most prominent enlargement was seen at the “saddle tree point” position (this landmark is three inches from the caudal edge of the scapula and is where the points of the saddle tree align. This is where the saddle angle/ gullet is recorded), with an increase of 37.5 mm at a depth of 13 cm from the back's dorsal midline.
These results were statistically significant, meaning they were unlikely to have occurred by chance. Although most measurement points showed an increase in size, some showed a decrease. Prior research suggests that these changes could be explained by the dissipation of fluid or the reduction of underlying muscle tension.
The mean differences in dimensional change of the equine back at widths 6 cm, 10 cm and 13cm ventral to the dorsal midline pre and post- use of the Equilibrium Massage Pad Heat Sense © in ten horses. Measurements were taken at six predetermined anatomical landmarks that corresponded to significant muscle groups which were predicted to be influenced by the Equilibrium Massage Pad Heat Sense ©. Light orange columns represent the back dimensions measured at 6cm ventral to the dorsal midline. Darker orange columns represent back dimensions measured at 10 cm ventral to the dorsal midline. The darkest column represents the back dimensions measured at 13 cm ventral to the dorsal midline.
Comparison of Massage Pad Heatsense to an active warm up
There was no statistically significant correlation between the results from the Heatsense and the exercise session (lunging). This suggests that muscles more affected by exercise were not necessarily more influenced by the Heatsense, indicating that the exercise and Heatsense are yielding slightly differing responses for some areas along the back. Data within this research suggests that some muscular areas may be more effectively prepared by use of the Heatsense than the exercise session (lunging). More research is needed to better understand the relationship between the Heatsense and exercise effects, as well as to explore potential interactions between the two to optimise health and performance.
Conclusion
The study supports the therapeutic potential of the Equilibrium Massage Pad Heatsense. With proven effectiveness in expanding muscle dimensions, the device offers a non-invasive and safe way to prepare a horse’s back for training or competition. Its unique combination of carefully controlled heat and massage provides a comprehensive approach to muscle activation, enhancing blood flow, and supporting recovery.
For equine athletes and leisure horses alike, the Massage Pad Heatsense represents a valuable addition to warm-up and care routines, helping maintain muscle health and potentially reduce the risk of injury.
Will the pad affect saddle fit?
No. The pad mimics natural back shape changes that occur during exercise. Saddles should be assessed dynamically to fit both the static and moving back shape.
Is back shape change beneficial?
Yes, it shows that muscles are engaged, supporting posture, balance, and overall health.
Why did some muscles decrease in size?
Fluid redistribution and muscle relaxation can temporarily reduce muscle size.
Can it replace a warm-up?
No, while the pad supports blood flow to the back area, a dynamic warm-up also prepares the rest of the body’s musculoskeletal and neuromuscular system, which is essential for safe exercise.
How was the back measured?
Back measurements were taken by an experienced saddle fitter in the same way that they would be for saddle fit. This is done using a flexible curve ruler which is placed across the back at various points along the back, located by bony landmarks.
Thank you to Jasmine Gutsell from Ivy House Saddlery for conducting this research.
The Importance of High-Visibility Gear for Horse Riders
Riding out on horseback is a rewarding experience, but it comes with safety challenges, especially when sharing roads or bridleways with motorists and cyclists. High-visibility (hi-vis) gear is essential for ensuring you and your horse are seen in various conditions, reducing the risk of accidents. Here’s a detailed look at why hi-vis gear matters and how to incorporate it into your rides.
Why High-Visibility Gear Is Essential
Enhances Safety on Roads
When riding near traffic, hi-vis ensures you are visible to drivers from a greater distance, giving them more time to slow down and pass safely. Bright colours and reflective strips are particularly effective in low-light conditions, such as early mornings, evenings, or cloudy weather.
Improves Visibility on Offroad Hacks
In wooded or rural areas, hi-vis gear makes it easier for others, including cyclists, walkers, and fellow riders, to spot you. This can prevent startling encounters that might upset your horse.
Prepares for Emergencies
If you and your horse become separated, hi-vis gear increases the likelihood of being spotted quickly, whether by search teams or passers by.
Types of High-Visibility Gear
For the Rider
Hi-Vis Jackets or Vests: Lightweight and comfortable, these are a must-have for any ride.
Helmet Covers: Bright, reflective covers ensure visibility from above.
Leg Bands or Armbands: These add extra visibility without adding bulk.
For the Horse
Reflective Saddle Pads: A practical choice for daytime and night-time visibility.
Leg Wraps or Boots: These provide added safety and can double as protective gear. Boots such as the Tri-Zone Brushing Boot are super lightweight and breathable, but add great visibility with the bright colours and reflective strips that will catch attention as your horse moves.
Exercise Sheets: These brightly coloured sheets often come with reflective strips for maximum visibility.
When to Use Hi-Vis Gear
Low-Light Conditions: Dawn, dusk, and overcast weather demand hi-vis clothing.
All Road Riding: Always assume drivers might not expect to see horses and act accordingly.
Winter Months: Shorter days mean less natural light, making hi-vis gear indispensable.
Tips for Using Hi-Vis Gear Effectively
Layer Reflective and Bright Colours: Combining neon colours with reflective strips enhances visibility in all lighting conditions.
Inspect Gear Regularly: Check for wear and replace as needed.
Involve the Whole Group: If riding with others, ensure everyone, including their horses, is outfitted in hi-vis gear.
A Simple Step for Safer Riding
Hi-vis gear is an affordable and effective way to ensure the safety of both horse and rider. By making yourself visible to drivers, cyclists, and fellow riders, you minimise risks and can enjoy your ride with peace of mind.
Stay safe, stay seen, and make hi-vis gear a standard part of your riding routine.
Feeding the Greedy Eater: Why It’s Important to Slow Down Your Horse's Eating and How to Do It
Horses are natural grazers. In the wild, they spend the majority of their day slowly consuming forage as they roam across large areas. In this article, we will explore why slowing down a horse’s eating is so important, and we will look at practical methods to help manage greedy eaters.
Stretch & Flex Wraps are made from Stomatex®
Originally developed for human athletes, Stomatex® was designed to provide four way stretch, to enable use around mobile joints, plus excellent support for active limbs, and an outstanding ability to keep the skin dry.
Stomatex® is a revolutionary material, used across a wide range of products throughout the world including the sport and leisure industry, transport and healthcare to name but a few. It is used in the manufacture of heat acclimatisation suits, padding for wheelchairs, special wetsuits and sports injury support bandages.
Stomatex® is an unusual looking, spotty material. It is a high performance fabric made from lightweight, ultra-thin, non porous polyester membrane that has multiple innovative uses. This unique material demonstrates superior tensile strength and elasticity, whilst offering significant advantages over various plastic foam materials.
These factors make Stomatex® ideal for close contour applications where body movement must remain unhindered. Stomatex® works by replicating the way in which the stomata of a plant breaths and removes excess water through transpiration.
How does Stomatex work?
Trapped vapour molecules are efficiently removed from beneath the fabric by the flexing action of minute dome shaped chambers, each with a tiny pore in the centre. Reflecting the rate of physical activity, the chambers create a self-contained micro climate, allowing cooler, drier air to pass through at a controlled rate. This keeps the skin free from perspiration and maintains an ideal skin temperature over an extended period of time. By imitating this process Stomatex® is able to overcome the problems of perspiration and over-heating traditionally associated with the use of closed cell foam materials. It can therefore ensure that body heat, blood flow and compression remain consistent during a wide range of activities.
Stomatex® provides a unique four way stretch to enable use around mobile joints such as that in the lower limb of the horse and an outstanding ability to keep skin dry preventing damage from perspiration. The harder the horse works, the more Stomatex® works meaning that more heat will be dispelled from the wrap keeping the leg at a comfortable temperature level.
Often one of the first questions we get regarding the range of feeds and supplements we market at Equilibrium Products is “what is the sugar content?”
High sugar diets have been increasingly implicated in conditions such as laminitis. Horses are well adapted to digesting sugar and starch in their diets, a capability that has evolved over millennia adapted to the life of a browsing herbivore – essentially trickle feeding of a high fibre based diet.
Sugar, a NSC (non-structural carbohydrate along with starch) is an unavoidable part of the horse’s diet alongside the proteins, fibres and oils, vitamins and minerals consumed daily. Sugar is readily found in grass, especially fast growing spring grass, hay/haylage and compound feeds. It’s also an essential nutrient – glucose is the main energy source of the brain, but glucose in the body is sourced not only from eating and digesting sugar, but also converted from the end products of the digestion of fibre.
Its likely true that what has changed in recent times is the quantity of sugar a horse consumes not only in one day, but in individual meals.
The issue appears to be that in certain breeds at least, higher intakes of sugar, especially when fed in rapidly consumed single meals are in some way affecting the way the horse’s body utilises the absorbed sugars. This “disregulation” of normal metabolic processes is thought to lie behind the incidence of diseases, such as laminitis.
The disregulation can be attenuated by controlling starch and sugar intakes, and increasing exercise levels.
Sugar and laminitis
Dietary management of horses highly susceptible to these conditions means not only maximising fibre and really limiting starch and sugar intakes – by soaking hay and haylage to reduce forage sugar content and selecting high fibre low starch feeds, also ensuring meal sizes are small and preferably little and often.
This may make you think that turnout is the ideal situation but in spring, grass grows fast and is nutritionally rich, especially in sugar. For animals prone to weight gain and or laminitis, this is not an option.
For animals prone to these conditions, spring and early summer can mean a very restricted and basic diet– usually involving the horse or pony spending a lot of time indoors without much to eat. Against the evolutionary need to trickle feed, this is not necessarily welfare friendly – behavioural problems linked with boredom could occur and gastric health will be challenged.
Restricting grazing to a few hours per day is common but research has shown that, ponies especially, can eat as much in 3 hours as they can in a day when access to grazing is limited.
The key in these situations is to extend the eating time of the low calorie low sugar diet as much as possible. Try using small holed hay nets to extend eating time, or give a low sugar, quality fibre block to keep him occupied for longer.
Hay and haylage can contain up to 15% sugar, which can be reduced by up to half by soaking the forage for 12-16 hours.
It’s easy to choose a compound feed with a low NSC content, as most manufacturers list the starch and sugar contents; chops and chaffs can also be used to slow up consumption of a small hard feed.
Sugar and treats
Its natural to want to be able to treat or supplement your horse and pony, and whilst in reality they are only fed in a few grammes per day, some treats and supplements can be high in sugar and starch, particularly if they include molasses or cereals – which might not be suitable for the diet your excitable, overweight or laminitic-prone horse or pony.
As with humans there are now just as tasty, healthier, low sugar products available to make treating, rewarding or supplementing your horse a low sugar event – all part of the management of the at risk horse or pony.
We’ve added two bridle designs to our Net Relief range. The Muzzle Net for Anatomical Bridles and Muzzle Net for Grackle Bridles are available alongside the original Muzzle Net for Cavesson.
Headshaking can be one of the most distressing conditions a horse owner might have to deal with and ‘Net Relief’ is one of the most effective products in controlling the symptoms of head shaking.
Research by De Montfort University found that nose nets offered relief for 79% of horses and that they are the most effective treatment found for sufferers.
The Net Relief Muzzle Net is a contoured mesh that fits closely over the upper muzzle, allowing no restriction on the bit or the horse’s breathing and attaches easily to the horse’s noseband.
Totally unobtrusive and permitted by British Dressage and British Eventing for use in competition (see rule applying to the use of nose nets for each organisation)
“Would like to say thank you for having such an amazing product as your Muzzle Net. My boy was practically un-rideable during the summer months. I’ve used other nets and saw no difference, but then purchased your nets and it’s amazing the difference – NO headshaking, NO snorting and NO more being uncomfortable at all – it is amazing the difference! Thank you so much!”
“My horse developed headshaking this year. It was a very severe head shake which results in bolting, throwing himself into the hedge and shaking up and down and side to side. He was virtually unrideable until I was advised by a friend to try your net for muzzles. He was not cured but it enabled him to put up with it enough to still be ridden and also compete. We have won a lot of different disciplines this year including show jumping at agricultural level, unaffiliated dressage and qualifying for the NPS working hunter novice finals. Without your product none of this would have been possible. We have just been to our south western welsh pony and cob performance awards where he won the ridden section c trophy and came 3rd overall!!! He was 2nd working hunter, 3rd dressage, 6th show jumping and 6th showing! Judges have been very good and not marked down for the net but just asked. I think his shaking has something to do with tree pollen as for a few late summer months he was fine. Thank you ever so much for such a fab product and I am glad even BD accept it now.”
“During the Summer months, my horse suffers from a Pollen allergy which causes him to headshake and generally get very irritated and itchy around his nose area – that is until I tried Equilibrium Nose nets. They are fantastic and his head shaking has stopped completely and he is a lot more relaxed and happy. For the last three summers he has worn a no sent from April – October to help to relieve the hay fever like symptoms which he seems to suffer from. I now wouldn’t be without one during the summer – they are fantastic, especially as you can cut them down to get the perfect size to fit the individual horse.”
Prevention and Treatment of Sweet Itch
Understanding Sweet Itch.
The weather is getting warmer, the sun is high in the sky, and your horse starts itching and rubbing his mane and tail. Sound familiar? Many owners dread the onset of summer because of the continuous threat of sweet itch.
Sweet itch, or Summer Seasonal Recurrent Dermatitis, is an allergic reaction to the bites and saliva of Culicoides midges. It affects any breed or age of horse and usually occurs between the months of April and October when midges are most active. The threat of sweet itch should decrease during spring and autumn and disappear during the winter. The allergic reaction can range from mild to very severe, resulting in hair loss and bleeding scabs, which may lead to infection. Therefore, it is essential to recognise sweet itch as soon as possible, and take action to prevent it worsening or, if possible, prevent it from occurring at all.
What are the symptoms of sweet itch?
Sweet itch symptoms can vary greatly between horses, as some suffer more serious effects than others. Mild symptoms include itching and rubbing, usually around the mane and tail and along the top of the back. This can cause patchy hair loss on the coat and loss of mane and tail hair, which may lead to broken and damaged skin. If left untreated, the damaged skin can become sore and infected. In severe cases, sweet itch can extend under the belly, and down as far as the legs.
There are some behavioural signs to look out for, too. Horses suffering with sweet itch may become easily agitated, restless or lethargic and show a lack of concentration during work. Vigorous swishing of the tail or headshaking is also common.
How do I prevent sweet itch?Prevention is better than cure, and there are a number of measures you can take to minimise the risk of your horse developing sweet itch.
Good management
Midges are mostly active at dawn and dusk, so if possible, bring your horse inside at these times. Try protecting your horse in the stable by applying fly repellent or cover the stable door with fly-proof netting. Be aware that certain field conditions are more attractive to midges since they congregate near water or boggy marshes, so try not to turn out near these areas.
Fly repellents
It’s important to do as much as possible to keep flies and midges away. Using a fly repellent can do just that, and they are available as sprays, creams or gels, so there is something to suit everyone. Horses respond differently to each brand of repellent, so make sure you find the one that is right for your horse. Although usually very effective, repellents do wear off the skin over time, so they may need to be applied a couple of times a day, or every few hours if midges become particularly bad.
Sheets and hoods
Specially designed sweet itch sheets and hoods are now available which enable horses to be turned out without the need for frequent application of repellents. Special fabrics are often used that midges are unable to penetrate. They added bonus is that they also protect the hair, mane, and tail from being rubbed.
How do I treat sweet itch?
When sweet itch strikes, it is important to treat it as soon as possible. Keep irritated areas clean and dry. If the skin is sore or broken, apply a healing agent like calamine lotion or a nappy rash cream such as Sudocrem® to help soothe irritation and soreness. Remember that these products won’t protect from further bites. Rubbing benzyl benzoate into the skin is also known to help (although this is not recommended for use on broken skin), or look for an alternative made from natural ingredients.
With good management and care, sweet itch is a manageable condition, allowing you and your horse to enjoy the summer months. However, if the sweet itch becomes too severe, or you are worried about infection, it is always wise to consult your vet.
For more information or advice on sweet itch, contact the Itchy Horse Company (Formerly known as the National Sweet Itch Centre), Tel: (01352) 840333; visit: HTTP://WWW.itchyhorse.CO.UK
The Essential Guide to Choosing the Perfect Fly Mask for Your Horse
Choosing the Best Fly Mask for Your Horse
With different styles, colours and varying levels of protection now available, finding the perfect fly mask for your horse is no longer an easy task.
For many horse owners the confusion results in the purchase of a lesser quality fly mask, and often less effective mask that may mean compromising on protection, fit, or in some circumstances both.
Buying the cheapest fly mask in the shop can, in the long run, prove to be more costly as a less effective fit is likely to result in more losses and more damage in the field, thus reducing the lifespan of the fly mask and increasing the likely need to repurchase throughout the season.
So before you hit the tack shops for your summer essentials, be sure to keep reading for our top tips of what to consider before buying a fly mask…
What Style of Fly Mask Should I Choose?
Full Face Fly Mask
A full face fly mask is a great option if your horse is very sensitive to flies and midges, or if you need to protect your horse’s muzzle against the sun. For all-round protection, the Field Relief Max Fly Mask provides over 70% UV protection and is made from a durable mesh to keep flies at bay.
Fly Mask with Ears
Horses that are susceptible to irritation from midge bites often benefit from the additional protection a fly mask with ears can offer, but look carefully at the shape of the ears on the mask you are considering. Are they horse-ear shaped? Too often fly masks misjudge the actual shape of the horse’s ear, making them too straight or floppy and therefore easier for the horse to remove. Take a look at the Field Relief Midi with Ears and see how an ergonomic ear shape can make all the difference to the fit of your fly mask.
Fly Mask without Ears
Many horses find that a fly mask with ears to be an annoyance, which encourages them to rub and thus displace or pull their mask off completely. Many horses simply cannot tolerate anything touching their ears. Look for a fly mask with adjustable fastenings behind the ears so the fly mask doesn’t have to be put on over the head and ears.
For horses like this, a visor style like the Field Relief Midi is ideal for providing a high level of protection along with a secure fit.
Muzzle Fringe
Designed with a simple hook and loop attachment, the Field Relief® Muzzle Fringe attaches easily to all fly masks in the Field Relief® Range. Ideal for horses who might not like a traditional nose piece or cover, or need protection from the flies and midges without the UV protection.
Detachable Nose Piece
Designed with a simple hook and loop attachment, the Field Relief® Detachable Nose Piece attaches easily to all fly masks in the Field Relief® Range. Ideal for horses with pink or sensitive noses, who need UV protection, or those who are extremely sensitive to flies or midges around their muzzle.
An introduction to Cushing’s Disease
Introduction to Cushing’s Disease (also known as PPID)
What is Cushing’s Disease?
Cushing’s Disease (also known as PPID, short for Pituitary Pars Intermediate Dysfunction), is a chronic progressive condition that shares some similarities with equine metabolic syndrome. It is one of most common problems affecting the hormonal (endocrine) system in horses and ponies and particularly in those over 15 years. Thanks to advancements in horse welfare, horses are living longer so Cushing’s Disease is becoming more prevalent.
What causes Cushing’s Disease?
Cushing’s Disease is caused by the overproduction of hormones by an enlarged and overactive pituitary gland ‐ a pea‐sized gland in the base of brain. The overproduction of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) by the enlarged Pars Intermedia (middle) part of the gland stimulates the adrenal glands to produce more cortisol (a steroid hormone). It is the increased levels of cortisol which causes most of the clinical signs associated with Cushing’s Disease. The condition progresses as the nerves connected to pituitary gland slowly degenerate
What are the clinical signs of Cushing’s Disease?
The most common signs of Cushing’s disease are recurring bouts of laminitis, which is the most serious complication, and hirsutism (excessive hair growth). Cushing’s Disease is the only condition known to cause hirsutism, which ranges from mild changes in coat shedding to the production of a long curly coat.
Other symptoms include:
excessive sweating;
increased appetite;
increased drinking and urination;
pot‐bellied appearance;
lethargy or more docile temperament;
poor performance;
lower immune function leading to recurrent infections eg skin, respiratory or dental problems;
greater susceptibility to worms;
loss of muscle condition, particularly over the topline;
abnormal fat deposition, particularly around the
Insulin resistance is also associated with Cushing’s Disease.
How can I prevent or manage Cushing’s Disease?
Cushing’s disease is a progressive condition so there is no known prevention. However, the risk of nerve damage may be lower in horses kept in good health with high levels of anti‐oxidants but this is unconfirmed. Similarly, early treatment following diagnosis may slow down the progression but, again, this is unproven. Given their lower immunity, horses with Cushing’s Disease should be on an effective worming, dental and vaccination regimen, plus any wounds should be frequently monitored for infection.
Vitamin C supplementation (20 g per day) has been shown to increase antibody response to vaccines in aged horses, especially those with pituitary dysfunction or Cushing’s syndrome.
See Feeding horses with EMS & Cushing’s Disease
How is Cushing’s Disease treated?
There is no cure but effective treatment is available to address underlying hormonal imbalances. So far, Pergolide is the only licensed medication to demonstrate sufficient benefit and works by reducing the production of cortisol. Pergolide is available in a tablet form that can be hidden in feed. Associated conditions, such as laminitis, also need to be managed and treated accordingly. Horses with Cushing’s Disease may develop insulin resistance, so this will be managed in a similar way to EMS. Additionally, clipping will help to prevent excessive sweating if your horse grows a thick coat.
What is the prognosis of Cushing’s Disease?
There is no reason why a horse or pony with Cushing’s Disease, that is well managed, can live a long and normal life.
Thank you to vet, Rachel Harrison-Osborne of Wendover Heights Veterinary Centre, for her input to this article.
Helpful resources
https://www.ed.ac.uk/polopoly_fs/1.18061!fileManager/dvepfactsheet‐cushingsdiseaseandequinemetabolicsyndrome.pdf
https://www.laminitis.org/cushings.htm
https://www.bhs.org.uk/welfare-and-care